Which diseases are common in cotton that affect yields?

Fusarium wilt and root rot are significant diseases that impact cotton yields. Fusarium wilt is caused by the Fusarium oxysporum fungus, which affects the vascular system of the plant, leading to wilting, yellowing, and ultimately, plant death. This pathogen can be particularly devastating because it persists in the soil and can remain a threat to subsequent cotton crops.

Root rot, caused by various fungi such as Phytophthora species, also severely hampers yield by damaging the root system, which is essential for water and nutrient uptake. When roots are compromised, the plant struggles to sustain itself, leading to stunted growth or death.

Together, these diseases can lead to significant reductions in yield and quality of cotton, making them critical concerns for cotton farmers. Understanding these diseases and implementing proper management strategies is vital for maintaining healthy cotton crops and ensuring productive yields.