Name a common disease that affects cotton plants.

Fusarium wilt is a well-known disease that significantly impacts cotton plants. This disease is caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum, which specifically targets cotton, leading to wilting, yellowing of leaves, and ultimately, plant decline or death. The pathogen invades the root system of the cotton plants and obstructs their ability to transport water and nutrients, which can severely diminish yields.

Furthermore, Fusarium wilt is systemic, meaning once an individual plant is infected, the disease can spread rapidly, affecting surrounding plants as well. Its capacity to persist in soil and infect future crops makes it particularly challenging for growers. Managing Fusarium wilt requires careful crop rotation and resistant varieties to mitigate its effects, distinguishing it as a critical disease that cotton producers must understand and address effectively.

While other diseases like powdery mildew, root rot, and rust can affect cotton, Fusarium wilt is notably more destructive and specific to cotton crops, emphasizing its significance in cotton agriculture.